See du in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Swabian",
"lang_code": "swg",
"word": "dau"
},
{
"lang": "Swabian",
"lang_code": "swg",
"word": "d"
}
],
"lang": "Alemannic German",
"lang_code": "gsw",
"word": "du"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Hunsrik",
"lang_code": "hrx",
"word": "du"
},
{
"lang": "Kölsch",
"lang_code": "gmw-cfr",
"word": "do"
}
],
"lang": "Central Franconian",
"lang_code": "gmw-cfr",
"word": "du"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Hunsrik",
"lang_code": "hrx",
"word": "du"
},
{
"lang": "Kölsch",
"lang_code": "gmw-cfr",
"word": "do"
}
],
"lang": "Central Franconian",
"lang_code": "gmw-cfr",
"word": "dou"
},
{
"lang": "German",
"lang_code": "de",
"word": "du"
},
{
"lang": "Luxembourgish",
"lang_code": "lb",
"word": "du"
},
{
"lang": "Yiddish",
"lang_code": "yi",
"roman": "du",
"word": "דו"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "",
"2": "i",
"3": "I"
},
"expansion": "I",
"name": "yesno"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "Inherited"
},
"expansion": "Inherited",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gmh",
"2": "goh",
"3": "dū",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Old High German dū",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gmh",
"2": "goh",
"3": "dū"
},
"expansion": "Inherited from Old High German dū",
"name": "inh+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gmh",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*þū"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *þū",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gmh",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*þū"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *þū",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "þū"
},
"expansion": "Old English þū",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "non",
"2": "þú"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse þú",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gmh",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*túh₂"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *túh₂",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Inherited from Old High German dū, from Proto-West Germanic *þū, from Proto-Germanic *þū, whence also Old English þū, Old Norse þú, and ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *túh₂.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "du",
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "dû",
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "l-self",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "ich",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "mīn",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "mir",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"first-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "mich",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"first-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "du",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "dū",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "dīn",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "dir",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "dich",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ër",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"nominative",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "CG hë",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"nominative",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "CG hër",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"nominative",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "sīn",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"masculine",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "im",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"masculine",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "ime",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"masculine",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "in",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"masculine",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "siu",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"nominative",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "ir",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"genitive",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "ire",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"genitive",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "ir",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"feminine",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "ire",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"feminine",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "sie",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"feminine",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "ëȥ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"nominative",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "CG iȥ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"nominative",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "it",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"nominative",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "es",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"neuter",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "im",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"neuter",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "ime",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"neuter",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "ëȥ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"neuter",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "CG iȥ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"neuter",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "it",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"neuter",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "wir",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "unser",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "uns",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"first-person",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "uns",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"first-person",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "unsich",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"first-person",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ir",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "iuwer",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "iu",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "iuch",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "iuch",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "sie",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"nominative",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "ir",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"masculine",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "ire",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"masculine",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "in",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"masculine",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "sie",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"masculine",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "sie",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"nominative",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "ir",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"genitive",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "ire",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"genitive",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "in",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"feminine",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "sie",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"feminine",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "siu",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"nominative",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "ir",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"neuter",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "ire",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"neuter",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "in",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"neuter",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "siu",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"neuter",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmh",
"2": "pronoun",
"head2": "dû"
},
"expansion": "du or dû",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Middle High German",
"lang_code": "gmh",
"pos": "pron",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Middle High German entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Middle High German pronouns",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 71 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"you (thou, singular familiar)"
],
"id": "en-du-gmh-pron-9qOaHali",
"links": [
[
"you",
"you"
],
[
"thou",
"thou"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(personal) you (thou, singular familiar)"
],
"tags": [
"personal"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈdu/",
"note": "before 13ᵗʰ CE"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈduː/",
"note": "before 13ᵗʰ CE"
}
],
"word": "du"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 71 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Swabian",
"lang_code": "swg",
"word": "dau"
},
{
"lang": "Swabian",
"lang_code": "swg",
"word": "d"
}
],
"lang": "Alemannic German",
"lang_code": "gsw",
"word": "du"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Hunsrik",
"lang_code": "hrx",
"word": "du"
},
{
"lang": "Kölsch",
"lang_code": "gmw-cfr",
"word": "do"
}
],
"lang": "Central Franconian",
"lang_code": "gmw-cfr",
"word": "du"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Hunsrik",
"lang_code": "hrx",
"word": "du"
},
{
"lang": "Kölsch",
"lang_code": "gmw-cfr",
"word": "do"
}
],
"lang": "Central Franconian",
"lang_code": "gmw-cfr",
"word": "dou"
},
{
"lang": "German",
"lang_code": "de",
"word": "du"
},
{
"lang": "Luxembourgish",
"lang_code": "lb",
"word": "du"
},
{
"lang": "Yiddish",
"lang_code": "yi",
"roman": "du",
"word": "דו"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "",
"2": "i",
"3": "I"
},
"expansion": "I",
"name": "yesno"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "Inherited"
},
"expansion": "Inherited",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gmh",
"2": "goh",
"3": "dū",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Old High German dū",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gmh",
"2": "goh",
"3": "dū"
},
"expansion": "Inherited from Old High German dū",
"name": "inh+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gmh",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*þū"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *þū",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gmh",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*þū"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *þū",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "þū"
},
"expansion": "Old English þū",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "non",
"2": "þú"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse þú",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gmh",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*túh₂"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *túh₂",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Inherited from Old High German dū, from Proto-West Germanic *þū, from Proto-Germanic *þū, whence also Old English þū, Old Norse þú, and ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *túh₂.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "du",
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "dû",
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "l-self",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "ich",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "mīn",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "mir",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"first-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "mich",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"first-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "du",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "dū",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "dīn",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "dir",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "dich",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ër",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"nominative",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "CG hë",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"nominative",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "CG hër",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"nominative",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "sīn",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"masculine",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "im",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"masculine",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "ime",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"masculine",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "in",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"masculine",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "siu",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"nominative",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "ir",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"genitive",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "ire",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"genitive",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "ir",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"feminine",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "ire",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"feminine",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "sie",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"feminine",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "ëȥ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"nominative",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "CG iȥ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"nominative",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "it",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"nominative",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "es",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"neuter",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "im",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"neuter",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "ime",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"neuter",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "ëȥ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"neuter",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "CG iȥ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"neuter",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "it",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"neuter",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "wir",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "unser",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "uns",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"first-person",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "uns",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"first-person",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "unsich",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"first-person",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ir",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "iuwer",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "iu",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "iuch",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "iuch",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "sie",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"nominative",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "ir",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"masculine",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "ire",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"masculine",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "in",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"masculine",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "sie",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"masculine",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "sie",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"nominative",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "ir",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"genitive",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "ire",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"genitive",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "in",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"feminine",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "sie",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"feminine",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "siu",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"nominative",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "ir",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"neuter",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "ire",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"neuter",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "in",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"neuter",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "siu",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"neuter",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmh",
"2": "pronoun",
"head2": "dû"
},
"expansion": "du or dû",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Middle High German",
"lang_code": "gmh",
"pos": "pron",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Middle High German entries with incorrect language header",
"Middle High German lemmas",
"Middle High German pronouns",
"Middle High German terms derived from Old High German",
"Middle High German terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"Middle High German terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Middle High German terms derived from Proto-West Germanic",
"Middle High German terms inherited from Old High German",
"Middle High German terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
"Middle High German terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European",
"Middle High German terms inherited from Proto-West Germanic",
"Middle High German terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Pages with 71 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"glosses": [
"you (thou, singular familiar)"
],
"links": [
[
"you",
"you"
],
[
"thou",
"thou"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(personal) you (thou, singular familiar)"
],
"tags": [
"personal"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈdu/",
"note": "before 13ᵗʰ CE"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈduː/",
"note": "before 13ᵗʰ CE"
}
],
"word": "du"
}
Download raw JSONL data for du meaning in Middle High German (8.9kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Middle High German dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-12-29 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-12-20 using wiktextract (cdfa371 and 9905b1f). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.